4-PS3-1. Use evidence to construct an explanation relating the speed of an object to the energy of that object. Students will develop an understanding that speed and energy have a cause and effect relationship. Students will explore kinetic and potential energy using dropper poppers and catapults. Students will develop a first-hand account of how speed is related to energy by rolling a marble down a ramp and crashing it into a toy car. Materials Needed: 1 ruler 2 large popsicle sticks 3 small popsicle sticks 1 marble 1 rubber popper 1 small cup 1 ping pong ball 2 toy cars 3 rubber bands tape or sticker

4-PS3-3. Ask questions and predict outcomes about the changes in energy that occur when objects collide. Students explore what happens about changes in energy that occur when objects collide by crashing cars into each other, observing a newton's cradle at work, exploring with marbles, and creating a rubber-band wind-up racer. Materials Needed: 1 ruler 5 marbles 1 toothpick 1 wooden spool 1 metal washer 1 rubber band 1 pencil 1 small piece of straw 2 toy cars

4-PS3-1. Make observations to provide evidence that energy can be transferred from place to place by sound, light, heat, and electric currents. Students will explore how energy is transferred from place to place by light, sound, heat, and electrical currents by creating different circuits. Materials Needed: 1 motor with lead ends 1 speaker with lead ends 1 light with lead ends 2 AA batteries

4-PS3-4. Apply scientific ideas to design, test, and refine a device that converts energy from one form to another. Students will create a device that converts energy from one form to another; students convert wind energy into motion and light energy from the sun into heat. Materials Needed: 1 SE pinwheel cutout 1 pencil 1 thumbtack 1 Hershey's bar (not for human consumption) 1 food tray 1 sheet tin foil tape

4-PS4-1. Develop a model of waves to describe patterns in terms of amplitude and wavelength and that waves can cause objects to move. Students will explore how energy moves in waves. Students will develop an understanding of the different parts of a wave and create a model to demonstrate how waves can cause objects to move. Materials Needed: 1 slinky dominoes string

4-PS4-2. Develop a model to describe that light reflecting from objects and entering the eye allows objects to be seen. Students will explore light and how light bounces off of objects and into our eyes, allowing the objects to be seen. Students will participate in a series of demonstrations, build kaleidoscopes, and create a model to demonstrate their understanding. Materials Needed: 1 mirror 1 flashlight 1 kaleidoscope kit tape

4-LS1-2. Use a model to describe that animals receive different types of information through their senses, process the information in their brain, and respond to the information in different ways. Students will explore how animals receive different types of information through their senses, process the information in their brain, and then respond to the information in different ways. Materials Needed: 1 metal puzzle bubbles

4-ESS2-2. Analyze and interpret data from maps to describe patterns of Earth’s features. Students will explore maps of the world and begin to recognize patterns between plate boundaries and earthquake activity. Students will create their own topographic map of Earth features using colored dough. Materials Needed: 1 foam tray 8 small containers of dough (assorted colors) flag labels toothpicks

4-ESS3-1. Obtain and combine information to describe that energy and fuels are derived from natural resources and their uses affect the environment. Students develop an understanding that energy and fuels are derived from natural resources and that the uses of fuels and energy affect the environment. Students explore and try to create a water dam that can hold back 1” of water. Materials Needed: 1 container dough 20 large popsicle sticks 30 toothpicks 1 clear plastic shoebox small roll masking tape

Students will recognize how natural disasters may have an impact on humans. Students will build/test different structures to see if they will withstand an earthquake. 4-ESS3-2. Generate and compare multiple solutions to reduce the impacts of natural Earth processes on humans. This workshop also touches on 4-ETS1-1 and 4-ETS1-2.